On the basis of the criterion, controllability, uniformity of crossfault flow deformation measurement, and monitoring service purposes and principles of active faults prone to earthquakes, etc., the optimization layout of crossfault flow deformation monitoring site is discussed in the capital circle area of China.

Using GRACE gravity field models, gravity changes in Chinese mainland and its vicinities before and after the Wenchuan earthquake are calculated. After removing the influence of water mass changes, the relationship between satellite gravity variation and simulated coseismic gravity changes based on displacement theory is analyzed. The result shows that the satellite gravity indicates the impact of the Wenchuan earthquake to China mainland.

The changes of regional gravity field have been obtained by the observation data  from 2010 to 2012 in the west area of Sichuan and Yunnan which has been unified processed and analysised. Combined the NinglangYanyuan Ms5.7 earthquake and the Yiliang Ms5.7 earthquake which the both recently took place in the AnningheZemuhe fault area，the activities of the AnningheZemuhe fault were researched. The results showe that the gravity changes of the earthquake region increased rapidly and dramatically before the both earthquakes，and the gravity changes increased about 60×10 nms^-2 in a year.

The ground kinematic feature is analyzed using 1Hz data recorded by the continuous GPS stations near the epicenter of the 2008 Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake.It is demonstrated that the kinematic direction and intension of each station are associated with its distances not only to the epicenter but also to the surface rupture belt.The kinematic complexity of nearfield stations reflects the general features of thrust and strike focal rupture process.At PIXI station, which is the nearest station to the epicenter, the largest kinematic displacements are detected, more than 100cm and 70 cm for EW and NS components, respectively.The GPSderived displacement is consistent with the result obtained by strong motion seismograph.Finally, the maximum kinematic displacements are compared with permanent coseismic ones for all stations.It is very clear that maximum kinematic displacements are larger than permanent coseismic displacements for six stations.There are five stations with maximum kinematic displacements being comparative to permanent coseismic displacements.At Chengdu station, the maximum kinematic displacement is less than its permanent coseismic displacements.

The highfrequency data of the gPhone gravimeter recorded during the earthquake is crucial data for researches on the source rupture process . In this paper, we analyzed coseismic signal recorded by six gPhone gravitymeters in the Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake. The results show that:1)we can completely obtain the seismic wave image showing the initial moments and its decaying process. Compared with the data of the broadband seismometer, we confirmed that observation of gPhone gravitymeter is a true record of the source rupture process.2)by means of empirical Green’s function and synthesizing theory graphics，compared with the inverted results from seismic data, we proved that the highfrequency data of gPhone gravitymeters can be.greatly used in the research of the source rupture process.

We processed the gravity observation data of total solar eclipse, which took place along Yangtze River on July 22, 2009. The observations of one GWR superconducting gravimeter and three spring gravimeters were chosen to processed tide analysis and pressure corrections. The observation data of superconducting gravimeter and air pressure had a negative correlation, but a good correlation between the residual time series of the three spring gravimeters, the noise level was within the normal accuracy range. The result showed that there was no substantial gravity anomaly during the total solar eclipse no matter the superconducting gravimeter or the spring gravimeter.

By using the 4periods observations of GPS seismic monitoring network in Fujian coastal area from 2003 to 2010, we calculate the velocities of GPS stations and the deformation velocity components of sites and strain field in Fujian area with the GAMIT/GLOBK software and  an integralrotation linear strain model. The results are as follows: Fujian coastal area exhibits consistent southeastward movement, and the value is about 35 mm/a. The area near ShaowuHeyuan fault zone shows larger shear, and the junction of ZhengheHaifeng and YonganJinjiang fault zone shows smaller shear. The shear of ChangleZhaoan fault zone from south to north shows higher intensity in the north during early years, but higher intensity in the south thereafter. The principal strain field of the junction of ZhengheHaifeng and YonganJinjiang fault zone changes from compressive strain to tensile strain, and that of Fujian coastal area from northwest to southeast changes from tensile to compressive strain first, then compressive to tensile strain, and finally returns to compressive strain.

The gravity tides of Fuzhou and Zhangzhou stations at seconds' sampling rate are studied during the Talim and Saola periods in 2012.Firstly, the Butterworth highpass filter is applied to extract the high frequency gravity tide related to the typhoon disturbance.Secondly, the data is transformed by FFT algorithm to analysis the frequency and amplitude of the typhoondisturbance gravity tide.The results show good correlation between the distance,the typhoon center and gravity tides.The frequencies of typhoons Talim and Saola range from 0.16 to 0.28 Hz,and the frequency range of Fuzhou and Zhangzhou gravity station  is usually 0.25 to 0.35 Hz.

Based on the waveform records of 9 seismic stations belong to Hubei and Jiangxi regional seismic network, we obtained the focal mechanisms of the Ms 4.6 JiangxiRuichang earthquake on September 10 in 2011 with the CAP method. The result shows that the best double couple solutions are 204°, 79°and -22° for strike，dip and slip angles, respectively, the other nodal plane is 298°, 68°and -168°. The optimum focus depth is 14 km. The result shows that the principal stress P axis of the earthquake is mainly in NS, the lord tension T shaft is mainly in EW; the biggest aftershock is Ms2.8 which is also normal dipslip fault. And aftershocks sequences mainly propagated along NEE, very few aftershocks propagated along NW. So we infer that the Ms 4.6 earthquake and aftershocks are caused by the NE strike in Fenlinqiao fault from the earth’s surface investigation, and the seismogenic structure is the same to the Ms 5.7 Ruichang earthquake in 2005

We scanned the anomaly phenomenons including rush kick, step change, tremor, etc.on digital fixeddeformation tidal data in Hubei province from 2003 to 2013.Meteorological factors had complicated impacts on the deformation tidal data: 1）Different pressure fields had different abnormal morphology in deformation observation, but they had the same response spectrum; 2）The response of typhoon to deformation observation lied in second and minute sampling data on higher frequency from 1 to 4 seconds and 2 to 4 minutes; 3）Different environment of observation sites could receive different distortion signals.The spectrum ranged from 0 to diurnal wave had large noise; 4）Atmospheric temperature changes at short time had certain effect on data with quiver or transient fluctuation, and response on low frequency from 64 to 128 minutes and 64 to 256 minutes.Environment changes as sand scouring, reservoir storage change, surface load change would produce realtime distortions of step and jitter type on the tidal observation data.In addition, human activities effects involved personnel into the hole, construction, instrument calibration and repair etc.could be identified directly.

Using randomly generated seismic travel time data, taking 2,5,10 and 15 km as the initial positioning depths, the relocation positioning depths which are deduced by the doubledifference algorithm inversion are analyzed.The results show that the error of the initial depth has little effect on the relocation position which is deduced by the doubledifferential algorithm, but has certain influence on the depth.

The sPn and Pn phase of Yongning M4.9 earthquake on June 22 in 2010, recorded by different seismostations which the epicentral distances are no more than 1 000 km in Ningxia region are primary analyzed, and the focal depth is calculated by the travel time difference.Meanwhile, the possibility and application that using sPn phase to determine depth of seismic resource are discussed.

Using the joint adjustment of the absolute and relative gravity observation data in Shanxi seismic zone from 2009 to 2012, we obtained the dynamic gravity variation image based on the Taiyuan absolute gravity point, and analyzed how to select the initial value of the Taiyuan absolute gravity point.

With the help of the Matlab platform, the Earth’s free oscillations caused by the Ms8.6 Sumatra earthquake on April 11, 2012 and the predominant frequency of typhoon Talim of No.5 in 2012 are analyzed by the power spectral density estimation and Fourier spectrum.The results show that Xiamen and Fuzhou stations monitored the baseband modes in free oscillation signals, while Zhangzhou and Fuzhou stations monitored the typhoon with predominant frequency about 0.25 Hz.

Using the well water level data from Quanzhou and Fuzhou areas, the groundwater model was corrected by the regional repetition gravity data, the gravity value reduced about 10×10^-8ms^-2. The results show that in order to study the deep crustal tectonic activity through highprecision gravity measurement data, it is essential to eliminate the effect of the groundwater.

The gravity field changing characteristics of Lunan zone are researched by calculating difference and integral adjustment of gravity data（6 groups in total from 2010 to 2012) in Shandong area. The research shows that the gravity field of Lunan zone varies with the seasons. The gravity field changes in March is opposite to which in August, and the variation of gravity field trends are highly consistent. It is found that the seasonal variation is relevant with rain.

We focuse on the travel time characteristics of seismic wave in the northern Henan province. Based on the seismic observation data from Henan seismic station, the crustal velocity model was calculated by linear fitting approach. The test results show that the accuracy of earthquake’s origin time and theoretical time improved obviously compared with the time table of South China currently used in Henan province.

Using double difference location method to relocate 73 earthquakes, which the magnitudes are greater than M1.0 and the earthquakes were recorded by the telemetry digital seismological network near Zigui county in 2008 to 2011, and we obtained 58 location results. The results show that residual decreases, controlling epicenter distribution and focal depth are improved obviously after accurate relocation. The average error of relocation is 0.42 km in the NS direction, 0.63 km in the EW direction and 1.53 km in the vertically direction. About 74% earthquakes distributed among the depth of 7 km, the mean depth is 6.8 km. Combined with seismicity, the earthquake tendency of Zigui county is analyzed.

The temperature gradient is measured in 6 wells of the Three Georges well network observation network.The result shows that the influence depth of sunradiation heat is 20-30 m.The water temperature gradient is different in deferent wells, the diversity of temperature gradient in different depth in one well is obvious.Stratum lithology, development of rock mass and sunradiation heat play important roles in affecting the temperature gradient.

The significant abnormal trends of deformation observations were found at the Huzhou seismostation before the M4.9 GaoyouBaoying earthquake. By combining the deformation data with the focal mechanism solution, the results show that the direction of the anomaly is consistent with the direction of background stress field of this area. The observed deformation anomalies are likely to reflect the changes in tectonic stress field.

Three basic characteristics of the coseismic deformation response were analyzed by the Changshu station tube instrument and vertical pendulum which recorded the same earthquake ground tilt response, the results show that: 1) the earthquake delay time and response duration recorded by the two sets of instruments are proportional to the magnitude and the epicenter distance;2)the deformation amplitude of the pipe instrument is proportional to the magnitude, inversely proportional to the epicentral distance; the deformation amplitude of vertically pendulum is related to the magnitude, and has a certain relationship with the epicentral distance.

The CUMAIC method had been applied to extract ground deformation anomaly.The tidal deformation observation data of Taian seismostation before the M_L4.3 earthquake in the boundary region of Fanxian and Juancheng counties on October 13 in 2011 are processed and analyzed.The abnormal signal is found before the earthquake, the result shows that the method can extract shortimpending anomalies of seismic tide.

The observation data of water tube tiltmeter are collected at Yichang seismostation before and after the Ninth FiveYear Plan technical upgrade from 2007 to 2012.The results indicate that the instrument performance is improved, antiinterference and coseismic effects are enhanced obviously, and tidal factors of M2 wave and relative error of observation data are increasing slightly than the original level.However, because of the short time of the instrument technical transformation, the day drift of observation data increases slightly compared with the same period of previous years, and the observation system needs further stabilization.

The influences of the rainfall, wind, lightning, observation room entry, blasting, power and other equipment failure and other disturbances on the data of the minute value of Xingyang seismostation digital deformation tide are summarized.

We have designed a mobile GPS observations dynamic monitoring and management system for monitoring and management the status of the GPS receivers and GPS observation groups in mobile GPS observation process.The observer can detect the fault in time in the monitoring process.The task manager can also understand the working state of the GPS observation group in time.

Using digital seismogram data of 233 M_L≥1.0 earthquakes occurred in northwest of Jiangxi province during January of 2009 to May of 2013, the extended codanormalization method has been used to calculate the quality factors for P wave (Q_P) and S wave (Q_S) of the Yangxin seismostation, Jiujiang seismostation, Xiushui seismostation, Gaoan seismostation and Yichun seismostation. The results show that the best lapse time was about 30 s of Yangxin seismostation, Jiujiang seismostation, Gaoan seismostation and Yichun seismostation, except Xiushui seismostation was about 60 s; the average value of Q_P and Q_S as the JiujiangRuichang seisemic zone Q_P(f)=(15.97±1.87)f ^(1.66±0.06)  and Q_S(f)=(25.27±1.90)f^(1.15±0.04).

Based on the kilometer grid data in Yichang area, this paper introduces the rapid evaluation of earthquake disaster in the Three Gorges Reservoir system through the system overall design, database design and assessment module. Taking the 2008 M4.1 Zigui earthquake in the Three Gorges Reservoir as an example, the evaluation result improves a higher accuracy and “spatial resolution” of disaster distribution.

The GNSS observation network of Shandong crust movement as well as the application examples of the GNSS observations are introduced.The result shows that this network can provide the continuous and reliable observations for monitoring the activities of main tectonic blocks and fault zones in Shandong area.

According to the lack of exchange and dynamic data analysis in the traditional seismic conference, we present sponsorsparticipant model in the earthquake consultation meeting in this paper. We study the technology of realtime broadcast operation messages in the broadcasting side and network realtime push technology, and through those two technologies, we can make the content of different information nodes be same, then the receiving side realtime receive and execute the operation message from the broadcasting side, and reach the goal of analog broadcast video and audio eventually. This system enhances the authenticity of dynamic data analysis and communication between present members.

On the basis of the Oracle 10g distributed database, we created the seismic precursor database to store data dictionary information, observation data and observation log, etc. Through data exchange, the seismic precursor data sharing has been realized in multilevel nodes such as in precursor station, regional center, national center and subject center. Using C# language, we have developed the integrated management system for seismic precursor database, the system is divided into the parameter setting area, the tree view area, function refinement zone, centralized displaying graphics, data, log, dictionary, etc, the operating status of the precursor network was monitored intensively.

Through analysis on the second phase of project in earthquake disaster reduction system in Fujian province, three effective means for the archive management of the important construction projects in earthquake disaster were put forward: Establish a multiple comanagement system in the important construction projects of earthquake disaster, enhance the communication among the archivists and improve the techniques of fulltime and parttime archivists.

The design of geographic information monitor system is presented based on MapX and VC++.The correctness and usability of this method are proved by the sample of battery locomotive information monitor software.This system includes function of data transmission, map controlling and data management.

Based on the output data of sand stress meter, it is found that the impact of the main factors include the noise in high frequency and low frequency, the background changes of the observed signals, the trend  anomalies and shortterm anomalies of earthquake precursor. For identifing  the different frequency information, the signal is processed using the wavelet analysis method.

The earthquakes of the reservoir area of Three Gorges during the reservoir impoundment are analyzed. Combined with earthquake emergency preplan, preparation and implementation during the reservoir impoundment of the emergency plan are discussed. Based on the earthquake history during the impoundment and the emergency drills experiences, earthquake emergency work contents are discussed and analyzed in details to raise the timeliness and professionalism of the emergency workers’ operation.

We introduced the migration of historical data in earthquake precursor observation networks over Fujian area, and analyzed some problems of data connection and data dimensionless conversion during the migration process, as well as the data comparison and data integration after the migration.

According to the census and sample survey data of the rural residence buildings, the quality and earthquake resistant performance of the rural buildings are evaluated. Several problems are summarized about the local rural residence structure on seismic precaution. 1)Foundations weren’t made the appropriate processing；2)The seismic measures are not implemented completely；3)The strength brick masonry wall is low；4)The building material and construction quality are poor.

This paper studies the spatiotemporal changes of land cover in Badong area of Three Gorges reservoir area using remote sensing technology. Based on the analysis of stratigraphic datum of this area, the relation between the spatiotemporal changes of land cover and the stratum attributes is studied and some laws of geological environment change in Badong area are concluded.

On the basis of the geological structure of the reservoir landslide, landslide engineering geology and  hydrological geology, we analyze the formation mechanism of the landslide indepth from the perspective of geological environment.On this basis, the qualitative and quantitative analysis are obtained through the stability of the landslide, and the characteristics of the landslide’s stability are ensured from the source.It would provide reliable basis for later management.

The variation characteristic of transfer function parameter of geomagnetic data is analyzed which recorded by observatories in the time before and after M4.8 Anqing earthquake in January 19, 2011 and M4.6 RuichangYangxin earthquake in September 10, 2011. The variation of geomagnetic field in the Z component before Anqing M4.8 earthquake in east China is also summarized. The results show that some transfer function parameters of Wuhan observatory, Jingxian observatory and Jinzhai observatory appeared different degrees of abnormalities before and after the two moderately strong earthquakes. The lowpoint time of the geomagnetic vertical component in east China appears anomalous features before the Anqing earthquake. Daily variation of geomagnetic field arises obvious distortion.

This paper uses continuous GPS observation data provided by UNAVCO to get height time series of each site, and extractes velocity field by leastsquare linear fit and eliminates the linear trend of the original series.Then we take spectral analysis and wavelet multiresolution analysis of time series.It can be seen that in the past ten years the Tianshan region shows overall uplift trend and has a good agreement between the various stations.Each station shows significant seasonal changes.

In order to improve the accuracy and the reliability of the zenith tropospheric delay (ZTD) estimation, using uncombined precise point positioning (UPPP) model to estimate ZTD of the WUHN and BJFS stations, and then compared the results with ZTD of the traditional PPP model. The results show that the inner accuracy (RMS) of UPPP’s ZTD is 2.75 mm and the bias is 0.19 mm averagely; UPPP’s ZTD consistent with the ZTD of the IGS and UPPP’s exterior accuracy (RMS) is 8.58 mm (WUHN) and 6.51 mm (BJFS) separately; Seeing the ZTD of the IGS as the true value, the traditional model and UPPP model accuracies (STD) are 7.7 mm and 59 mm respectively; The UPPP method accuracy not only equals to or even greater than the traditional PPP’s, but it also provides the ionosphere products and weakens noise and improves data utilization.

Realtime dynamic displacement of the stations was obtained by using trackRT realtime positioning module to process continuous GPS data, the horizontal accuracy is about 1 cm, vertical accuracy is about 2 cm; trackRTr was also used to process 1 Hz GPS data of 2011 Japan Mw9. 0 earthquake to simulate realtime processing and a comparison with postprocessing was made; the impact of ephemeris and baseline length on accuracy was also analyzed, the results show that the baseline length plays a important role on the calculation accuracy.

On the basis of the features of GPS positioning in epochwise, TIKHONOV regularization has been used to improve the condition of illposed normal equation. As a result, the reliability of the ambiguity float solution is increased. And we improve the reliability of the ambiguity float solution and success rate of ambiguity integers fixing by combined with the LAMBDA algorithm.

The observations of satellite laser ranging (SLR) is the geometric distance between a reference point within the system (the system “origin”) and satellite, which is the intersect point of the telescope elevation and azimuth axes commonly. The coordination determination of the system origin point is the precondition of the observations application. This study introduces a method for determination of system origin of satellite laser ranging, which overcomes the bulk mass and irregular of the telescope. Combined with some IGS stations during the data processing, the coordinate results and their relative positions are obtained using the Bernese software, and the whole precision is better than 4 mm.

The absolute gravity measurements on the 17 fiducial stations in Chinese mainland and island using FG5-240 is introduced, and the measurement results are analyzed. The study shows that the characteristic of FG5240 is stable, the measurement precision is better than ±5×10^-8ms^-2, which satisfies the technology requirement of absolute gravity measurement.

The sensitivity and transverse sensitivity of AC23 current accelerometer are calibrated by the lowfrequency vibration device GSK166 based on the comparison method. The experimental results show that the calibration method which the data are analyzed by MATLAB is easier and more accurate.

Seismic waves of the Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake were compared which were recorded by    Both of the strongmotion seismograph (SLJ100 accelerometer) and the seismograph (CTS1 seismometer) in Quanzhou Seismostation seismostationrecorded relatively complete seismic waves of Wenchuan earthquake (May 12, 2008). In order to carry out a comprehensive comparative analysis of two types of records, the author first does baseline correction and bandpass filtering in the 20 Hz~120 s by using SLJ100 accelerogram. The results show that: 1)Viewed from spectrum, strongmotion seismograph records and seismograph records are almost the same from the rangein of 0.012 Hz to 2 Hz. The differences lie in the lowfrequency and the highfrequency due to different instrument response and instrument noise respectively. 2)Viewed from wave form and relative displacement, the records of SLJ100 and CTS1 show relatively high consistency after baseline correction and band pass filtering. These indicate that from highaccuracyaccelerogram integral to speed and displacement trough baseline correction is feasible. The 300 s cycle relative displacement response spectrum shows that baseline correction does not introduce unacceptable long period noise.

Some problems about reticle subpixel edge location are studied with polynomial least squares fitting. Tactics about fitting point extraction and filtering are proposed. The experiment result shows that these tactics can make polynomial fitting better.

The work principle of hydrostatic leveling system is analysed, and combined the engineering application, the result shows that differential transformer of hydrostatic leveling system has high stability and good reliability.

A ZigBeebased seismic switch is proposed, which is emplaced in or outside some large buildings, and the seismic acceleration can be realtime collected.If Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA）or Cumulative Absolute Velocity ( CAV）exceeds the set threshold, the switch will give a alarm command via ZigBee wireless network to cut off the power, gas and other dangerous sources in order to avoid secondary disasters.