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大地测量与地球动力学

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	2008 Vol.28 Issue.6 Published 2009-02-11

院士论坛

	1	CHINA GEODETIC COORDINATE SYSTEM 2000
		Wei Ziqing
		The China Geodetic Coordinate System 2000 is a new generation of the national geodetic coordinate system. Having explained briefly the background and the basic principles of setting up the new generation national geodetic coordinate system, this paper expounds its definition and realization, gives the defining constants and derived constants of the reference ellipsoid used and the related formulas for the normal gravity, and finally addresses several items noting on the coordinate system.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 1-5 [Abstract] ( 2494 ) PDF (1313 KB) ( 4788 )

地壳形变与地震

	6	EXPLORATION OF FAULT ZONE TRAPPED WAVES AT PINGTONG TOWN IN WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE REGION
		Lai Xiaoling ;and Li Songlin
		Pingtong Town locates just over the fractured zone of the Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake and the damage at the surface is very serious. The observational line with its middle point at an earthquake exploration trough crosses the fractured zone, and stretches in NW-SE direction, whose total length is about 400 m. The observational results show that the fault zone trapped waves from the fractured zone of Wenchuan Ms 8.0 earthquake were observed. That indicates that there is a great difference in physical property between the media inside and outside the fault zone. The predominant frequency of the fault zone trapped waves is about 3-4 Hz. It is stronger near the exploration trough. The width of the fault zone in the crust in this region is estimated to be 200 m. Furthermore, from some records it can be seen that the waveforms between the two sides of the trough are quite different and the arrival times of the S waves are also different. The sudden variation point of the waveforms is consistent with the boundary of the uplift at the surface.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 6-10 [Abstract] ( 2174 ) PDF (5337 KB) ( 3843 )

	11	CRUSTAL DEFORMATION MEASURED BY MOBILE OBSERVATION BEFORE WENCHUAN Ms8.0 EARTHQUAKE
		Bo Wanju;and Yang Guohua
		The crustal deformation patterns of the North-South Earthquake Belt area from mobile leveling and mobile GPS before Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake in Sichuan province are analyzed.The results show as follows. 1) There is a relative uplift area around the epicenter before Wenchuan earthquake measured by mobile leveling, the magnitude of the uplift is more than 180 mm; 2) There is a remarkably compressional deformation showed by mobile GPS observation, which matched with the uplift; 3) It had not any feeling before the earthquake due to some complicated reasons including the first, there are no enough monitoring measures around the epicenter area,so it is difficult to find credible precursors, and the second, we have no any experience and recorded examples about thrust intra-plate earthquake of Ms8 .0.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 11-15 [Abstract] ( 2250 ) PDF (2808 KB) ( 3988 )

	16	STUDY ON IONOSPHERIC TEC ANOMALY PRIOR TO WENCHUAN Ms 8.0 EARTHQUAKE
		Zhu Fuying;Wu Yun;Lin Jian;Zhou Yiyan;Xiong Jing;and Yang Jian;
		An Ms8.0 earthquake struck Wenchuan in Sichuan province on May 12th 2008 and had resulted in severe damage. On the basis of the GPS observation data from the reference stations of Crustal Movement Observational Network of China, the continuous 31day TEC values over whole China were computed, examined and compared with two statistical analysis method,both the results showed that the ionospheric TEC anomaly did exist 1-6 days prior to the earthquake in the region, the apparent anomalous reduction of TEC occurred on most of these days except the May 9th on which the TEC value anomalously increase evidently, and it was also shown that the anomalous crest of the TEC moved toward equator. Seeing the time was close to the moment when the earthquake occurred, it can be concluded that the existent ionospheric anomaly is possibly related to the earthquake after excluding all the other possible factors.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 16-21 [Abstract] ( 2170 ) PDF (5175 KB) ( 4448 )

	22	ANOMALOUS DISTURBANCE OF IONOSPHERIC NmF2DURING WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE
		Xiong Jing ;Wu Yun;Zhu Fuying;Lin Jian;Zhou Yiyan;and Yang Jian;
		The Ms 8.0 earthquake occurred in Wenchuan of Sichuan province on May.12,2008. On the base of the ionospheric occultation data from COSMIC system, we analyzed the max electronic density of ionospheric F2 layer(NmF2) over seismic preparation zone from April to the end of May. It was found that NmF2 was calm during April, but there was evidently negative anomaly during the 7 days around earthquake occurring.Having eliminated other factors, we think that these anomalies were probably caused by the generation of earthquake.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 22-26 [Abstract] ( 2223 ) PDF (1471 KB) ( 4359 )

	27	ANALYSIS OF FAULT ACTIVITY CHARACTERISTICS IN SICHUAN-YUNNAN AREA BEFORE WENCHUAN Ms8.0 EARTHQUAKE
		Fan Guosheng;and Jiao Qing
		Utilizing the mobile crossfault shortline leveling and shortbaseline measurement data for over 20 years at 32 sites in SichuanYunnan area, we made a preliminary analysis of the contemporary activities and the activity characteristics of the major active faults in this area before the Wenchuan earthquake. The result indicates that since the 1980s the major active faults in this area mostly have showed successional movement and the regional stress in SichuanYunnan area increased persistently for two years after 2006 before the Wenchuan earthquake,besides,the relatively strong compressional stress toward NWSE appeared in the midsouth segment of Xianshuihe fault belt and the midsouth segment of Longmenshan fault belt.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 27-30 [Abstract] ( 2126 ) PDF (2890 KB) ( 3231 )

	31	DEEP GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION OF LONGMENSHAN AND ITS ADJACENT AREA
		Xu Zhaofan ;Pan Jishun ;Wang Fuyun ;Tian Xiaofeng ; and Feng Jianlin
		In order to reveal the deep tectonic background of Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake, the deep geophysical investigation data were collected and deep structural characteristics beneath Longmenshan area were discussed. The present results show that the Longmenshan tectonic zone is a steep variation belt of crustal thickness.At its two sides, the layers with low velocity or high conductivity are widely distributed, and there is big difference in structures of crust and uppermost mantle. It means that the Longmenshan tectonic zone has a high resistance basement. In western Sichuan Plateau, the Pn velocity is 7.6~7.8 km/s,which is lower than that of Sichuan Basin, where the Pn velocity is 8.0~8.2 km/s.The lower Pn velocity suggests that there is possiblly strong heat exchange between crust and mantle in western Sichuan Plateau. The low velocity-high conductivity layers in middleupper crust are likely to be an L detachment, which served as the deep tectonic conditions for shallow earthquake development in Longmenshan tectonic belt.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 31-37 [Abstract] ( 2067 ) PDF (5729 KB) ( 3687 )

	38	ANALYSIS OF REPEAT ABSOLUTE GRAVIMETRIC RESULTSAT CHENGDU SEISMOSTATION
		Xing Lelin;Li Hui;He Zhitang ;Dong Zhengyao;and Tan Hongbo;
		The repeat absolute gravity observation had been done five times at Chengdu station by FG5/214 and FG5/232 absolute gravimeter from April,2007 to June,2008, and every standard deviation is less than ±2×10 ^-8 ms ^-2 .The results show that the environmental noise of Chengdu station is very little and the geologic condition is stable; and by the processing and analyzing of the observed data, it shows that the gravity values in December,2007 increased 5×10 ^-8 ms ^-2 than that in April,2007, after the Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake happened, the trend of whole gravity change has dropped and some times risen with some ascendant but still has not come back to the former normal value.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 38-42 [Abstract] ( 2278 ) PDF (3173 KB) ( 4099 )

	43	ANALYSIS OF CRUSTAL VERTICAL DEFORMATION BEFORE AND AFTER WENCHUAN Ms8.0 EARTHQUAKE
		Zhang Sixin; Zhang Xi;Wang Shuangxu; Xue Fupin;and Liu Liwei
		Using regional leveling and faultcrossing leveling data the crustal vertical deformation has been analyzed before and after Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake. The results show that before the earthquake the regional deformation were staged,in detail,its differential elevation and subsidence weakened and the movement of Longmenshan fault turned from active to locked,after the earthquake,the earthquake effect spreaded northeast ward along the Longmenshan fault mainly and the coseismic deformation nearby the after shock region was obvious.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 43-46 [Abstract] ( 2043 ) PDF (4127 KB) ( 4214 )

	47	CHARACTERISTICS OF SURFACE RUPTURE ZONE OF WENCHUAN Ms8.0 EARTHQUAKE AND ITS TECTONIC SIGNIFICANCE
		Ren Junjie;and Zhang Shimin
		On the basis of detail geological investigations of the surface rupture zone caused by Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake by use of differential GPS measurement, the characteristics of spatial distribution of surface rupture zone are known that a 200 kmlong surface rupture was formed along the BeichuanYingxiu fault in the Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake. It also triggered the activity of the GuanxianJiangyou fault as indicated by an 75 kmlong surface rupture. The distribution of earthquake surface rupture shows that the initial rupture is mainly northeaststrike thrust with a little dextral slip and the subsequent rupture is a slip with the almost equal vertical and horizontal displacement.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 47-52 [Abstract] ( 2159 ) PDF (5418 KB) ( 3631 )

	53	DISCUSSION ON RELATION BETWEEN ANOMALIES OF WATER TEMPERATURE AND RADON IN NINGBO STATION AND WENCHUAN Ms8.0 EARTHQUAKE
		Liu Dongying
		Anomaly data of underground water were and analyzed after Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake in 12th May, 2008. Before earthquake accured, there were some anomalies of water temperature and radon in Ningbo station of Zhejiang province, which is 1 800 km away from epicenter. By carrying out the well condition, through contrasting this data with previous ones and analyzing them,it is thought that these anomalies were related to Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 53-55 [Abstract] ( 2024 ) PDF (1366 KB) ( 3298 )

	56	ANOMALOUS RESPONSE OF CRUST TILT TIDAL FACTOR γ VALUEIN SHANXI BEFORE WENCHUAN Ms 8.0 EARTHQUAKE
		Ke Changan ;Li Zhengyuan ;and Dou Mali
		When processing the fixed deformation data of Shanxi province,it is found that the abnomal phenomenon appeared before Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake, which are as follows. 1)3 months before the earthquake occurred, the tilt tidal factor γ value of quartz horizontal pendulum and water tube teltmeter in Qianxian, Xi’an, Baoji and Hanzhong stations was evidently increasing; 2)1 day before the earthquake occurred, The distortion phenomenon appeared in the NS direction data of water tube tiltmeter at Qianxian and Xi’an stations.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 56-60 [Abstract] ( 2183 ) PDF (4698 KB) ( 3332 )

	61	ON GRAVITY FIELD AND IT’S DYNAMICALLY EVOLUTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF YISHU FAULT ZONE
		Zhu Yiqing ;Han Haihua ;and Guo Shusong
		The dynamically evolutional characteristics and spatial domains of gravity field in the Yishu fault zone are researched. Tenyear dynamic change charts show that the gravity changes are related with the structures of active faults, also the regularity of gravity changes is related with the micro dynamic activities of stressstrain field. The total trends of regional gravity field change show a positive gravity change between Qicun and Tancheng depressed area, and a negative change in Mengyin uplifted area.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 61-67 [Abstract] ( 2042 ) PDF (5063 KB) ( 3447 )

	68	ANALYSIS ON TERRAIN FACTORS OF EARTHQUKAE DISASTER IN BEICHUAN AREA
		Wang Qiuliang;Xue Hongjiao ;Yang Qiang ;Wang Dun ;Li Jinggan and Zhang Lifen
		The images before and after earthquake of Beichuan County are compared, based on tectonic background of regional geology, moreover, the various terrain factors including slope, aspect, Plan of curvature, profile curvature, slope rate and so on, are extracted from Digital Elevation Model (DEM),to quantitatively analyze the terrain information. The preliminary result indicates as follows: in Beichuan County, the slope ranges from 40° to 50°, slope change rate is between 18° and 30°, and relief amplitude ranges from 50 m to 70 m, the seismic secondary disasters,such as landslide and barrier lake triggered by landslide in some valley areas are extremely easy to occur in even wider areas.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 68-72 [Abstract] ( 2186 ) PDF (3915 KB) ( 3834 )

	73	STRONG MOTION OBSERVATION ON WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE
		Zheng Shuiming;Wang Lan;Huang Jiang;and Wang Ping;
		This paper introduces the strong motion observation on the Wenchuan earthquake. By use of the strong ground motion records of the mainshock and aftershock, the difference of the response spectrum between rock and soil, and the attenuation characteristics of acceleration and Fourier spectrum are analyzed.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 73-76 [Abstract] ( 2017 ) PDF (1428 KB) ( 3972 )

	77	RESEARCH OF EARTHQUAKE GEODESY
		Zhou Shuoyu;Wu Yun;Yao Yunsheng;and Du Ruilin
		The scientific development logic of Earthquake Geodesy——a new interactive subject has been discussed. In order to achieve the national goal on earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, we propose six prior development fields and three important engineering plans to promote the development of core technology and the exploration of key scientific problem.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 77-82 [Abstract] ( 2247 ) PDF (449 KB) ( 3200 )

	83	DEVELOPMENT OF GEODESY AND THOUGHT COPING WITH IT
		Zhang Chijun ;Wang Chunhong ;and Qian Nanbin
		Preliminarily summed up some problems about development of geodesy through the combination of a part of content in the IAG of 24st IUGG meeting. It consists of subject contents and its character,trend of subject development and some essentially problems to be solved. And then it suggest the corresponding measures.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 83-86 [Abstract] ( 2356 ) PDF (404 KB) ( 3210 )

理论、方法研究

	87	GRIDBASED SPATIAL WEIGHT MATRIX OF DISCRETE POINTS
		Zhang Songlin;and Zhang Kun
		The common methods for creating spatial weight matrix are reviewed, the deficiency of them under some conditions are pointed out and a new method based on grid is put forward.Some simulated instances have proved the correctness and usability of this method. The results show that this new method has advantage when the spatial distribution of points are very nonuniform.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 87-90 [Abstract] ( 2030 ) PDF (792 KB) ( 4280 )

	91	AIR-GUN WAVELET SIMULATION FOR DEEP CURST EXPLORATION
		Yang Guangliang ; and Zhu Yuanqing
		Several airgun theories for off-shore oil exploration are studied and according to the request of practical parameters, we respectively simulated the pressure wavelet in nearfield and farfield in condition of single gun action or airgun array action. And an algorithm to simulate anywhere pressure wavelet base on the nearfield pressure wavelet observations was presented in this paper. The results show that it was suitable using the air-gun for the deep crust exploration by increasing the volume of airgun and coherent airgun array.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 91-95 [Abstract] ( 2010 ) PDF (858 KB) ( 3490 )

	96	PREDICTION MODEL OF CHAOTIC TIME SERIES BASED ONWAVELET DE-NOISING AND LS-SVM AND ITS APPLICATION
		Qin Yongkuan;Huang Shengxiang;and Zhao Qing
		On the basis of integrating the wavelet denoising, the theory of phase space reconstruction and LSSVM, a modeling and forecasting technique is put forward. First, the wavelet denoising is used to preprocess data, then the best embedding dimension and time delay of nonlinear deformation data are calculated with the method called “CC”, the phasespace is reconstructed as well. At last, the modeling prediction is carried out by LSSVM and also is compared with BP neural network. The results show that the prediction model of chaotic time series based on wavelet denoising and LSSVM is better.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 96-100 [Abstract] ( 2626 ) PDF (1305 KB) ( 3542 )

	101	UNDERWATER POSITIONING SYSTEM’S BASELINE NETWORK ANALYZING BASED ON ANALYTICAL METHOD
		Cai Yanhui ;and Yang Xinhong
		On the basis of buoy long baseline network of differential underwater GPS a resolution formela is developed under polar coordinate system and then a set of analytic equations are deduced which are about the respective effects of the net shape and baseline accuracies,acoustic ranging accuracy on positioning result. The analytic results of the spatial distribution of the accuracy obtained after the hyperbolic positioning model show that there exists distinct area in which the hyperbolic intersection algorithm becomes instability,but if the baseline distribution with radiated net shape is used,thus,in the range of baseline network,the accuracy of plane positioning is even and no matter using any baseline distribution,the depth surveying accuracy will be clearly lower than the plane accuracy.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 101-106 [Abstract] ( 1894 ) PDF (2117 KB) ( 2968 )

	107	SEMI-PARAMETRIC REGRESSION MODEL CONSTRAINED WITH PRIORI INFORMATION AND ITS VIRTUAL OBSERVATIONS SOLUTION
		Le Kejun;Qiu Bin and Zhu Jianjun
		In order to improve the rationality during the modeling, we proposed the semiparametric regression model constrained with priori information.At the same time, we deducted the virtual observation solution for this model, which made the regular matrix and normalized parameter have physical meanings in surveying and mapping, and we also proved that the new method is equal to compensated least squares and the new model has good validity and rationality.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 107-111 [Abstract] ( 2078 ) PDF (875 KB) ( 3041 )

	112	RINGS PREDICTION MODEL INCONSTRUCTION OF LONG-DISTANCE TUNNEL SHIELD AND ITS COMPUTER SYSTEM REALIZATION
		Liu Chun ;Jing Yi;Wang Jiexian ;and Yao Lianbi;
		This paper discribes the study on the rings prediction in construction of longdistance tunnel shield, a rings prediction model based on coordinate transformation and plane fitting is established,and a computer analysis system is then established for the model as well. In the end, through the analysis of a practical case in Shanghai Cross Yangtze Rive Tunnel, the model is proved to be feasible and can give the good results in quicklyrectifying deviations.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 112-116 [Abstract] ( 1895 ) PDF (1464 KB) ( 4183 )

	117	VERIFICATION AND COMPARISON OF WIND SPEEDAND SIGNIFFICANT WAVE HEIGHT FROMTOPEX/POSEIDON AND JASON-1
		Cheng Yongcun ;Xu Qing ;Liu Yuguang ;Li Chongyin;and Gu Yanzheng
		The data of significant wave height(SWH) measured by satellite altimeter TOPEX/POSEIDON(T/P) are compared,i.e. verified,with the data synchronous measured by buoys and the monthly mean data.It is found that there is a linear relationship between them. The comparison indicates that the difference between measurements by buoys and T/P can be reduced by selecting narrower space window and longer sequence. There is a systematic error of 0.3 m between significant wave height (SWH) obtained from buoys and T/P in the selected region. The correction functions are also obtained by comparing T/P measurements with Jason1 measurements. The results show that the difference in normalized radar backscatter cross section from the two altimeters is larger in low wind speed conditions than that in at high wind speed conditions, that is caused by sea state and instrument noise. In addition, the SWH and sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) from T/P and Jason1 are also compared. The root mean square errors for the SWH and SSHA are 0.21 m and 0.05 m, respectively.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 117-122 [Abstract] ( 2188 ) PDF (1136 KB) ( 3394 )

	123	RESEARCH ON BASE ISOLATION AND DAMPING OF ADJACENT STRUCTURES
		Luo Deng gui;Lei Jingya;Zhou Xiangrui ;Fu Lining ;and Xu Jia yun
		The earthquake control effect for adjacent structures with base isolation and upper damper was analyzed.By use of ANSYS the finite element model of the adjacent structure was made, the responses to the earthquake under the action of nonisolation structure, base isolation and upper shock absorber together were compared and analyzed. The results show that the response to earthquake significantly reduced under the common action of the base isolation and upper shock absorber.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 123-126 [Abstract] ( 2070 ) PDF (920 KB) ( 3421 )

观测技术

	127	REALIZATION OF INTELLECTUALIZATION AND NETWORK OF GS GRAVIMETER
		Li Jiaming;Li Cuixia;Liu Ziwei;and Li yongdong
		By use of modern electronic technology and computer network technology, the intelligent and networking of the GS gravimiter are realized.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 127-131 [Abstract] ( 1989 ) PDF (2105 KB) ( 3984 )

	132	A NEW METHOD OF USING OPTIC FIBER SENSOR IN GROUND DEFORMATION MEASUREMENT
		Deng Tao ;Liao Chengwang;Ding Wei;Wang Hao;and Cheng Weiming;
		A new method of applying optic fiber sensor to high accurate ground deformation measurement,which is based on the idea about the optic fiber interference combined with fiber grating and the utilization of the characteristics of Bragg wavelength absolute measurement and high accurate relative measurement with fiber interference,is proposed.This sensing system has many adventages,such as antiinterference, corrosion resistance, moisture proof, no zero drift and no need of calibration.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 132-136 [Abstract] ( 2233 ) PDF (870 KB) ( 4166 )

	137	EXPERIMENTAL RESULT OF HIGH REPEATED RATE LASER RANGING
		Guo Tangyong;Wang Peiyuan;Li Xin;Zou Tang;and Zhu Wei
		A part of experimental results on the target Ajisai satellite,etc.achieved by mobile SLR system TROSI with high repeated transmit rate laser is introduced.
		2008 Vol. 28 (6): 137-138 [Abstract] ( 2004 ) PDF (2605 KB) ( 3345 )

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